Your Cart
SLI Search Template
Related Categories: Emerald Green Acrylic | Red Acrylic | Permanent Blue Acrylic | Ultramarine Blue Acrylic | Yellow Acrylic | Pearl Paint | Light Blue Acrylic Paint | Cerulean Blue Paint
-
Creative Inspirations Acrylic Paints 120ml & 500mlSave40% - 55%Off Reg. PriceVideos…Creative Inspirations Acrylic Paints provide dense, great coverage! NOT watered down like other cheap acrylic paints making them an amazing value for the price! With Creative Inspirations Acrylic Paints, educators and artists do not have to settle for water-downed acrylics that are made from… The Best Value For Acrylic Paints! Better Paints, Better Value! 120ml Tubes & 500ml Bottles Creative Inspirations Acrylic Paints provide dense, great coverage! NOT watered down like other cheap acrylic paints making them an amazing value for the price! With Creative Inspirations Acrylic Paints, educators and artists do not have to settle for water-downed acrylics that are made from inferior materials. Creative Inspirations Acrylics feature 42 brilliant colors with great coverage, are smooth, creamy and free-flowing. Unlike other lesser paints, when mixing colors you will get vibrant results not "muddy" colors. Featuring 500ml Easy Squeeze Bottles for your painting & pouring convenience Voted educators favorite acrylic color for classroom use, and they are internationally recognized as superior for classroom education and the art party industry Key Features:* Sold in 120ml & 500ml Bottles (1.8 ltr jugs also available)* Smooth, creamy consistency* Available in 42 different colors* Colors are bright, vibrant and very pigmented* Clean up with soap and water* Not watered down* 500ml Bottle - "Easy Squeezy" bottle* Great coverage & mixability* Medium to heavy body* Provide dense, great coverage Perfect For:* Art party businesses* Classrooms and workshops* Social art parties* An easy to use squeeze bottle* Artists on a budget* Higher quality paint at an amazing price point* Better painting experience* Wanting dense, great coverage & NOT watered down like other cheap acrylic* 500ml Squeeze Bottles - "Easy Squeezy Bottle" - You'll love us for the paint and even more the bottle! These acrylics provide artists with a complete freedom of creativity. Creative Inspirations Acrylics were recently voted educators favorite acrylic color for classroom use, and they are internationally recognized as superior for classroom education and the art party industry. These acrylics also clean up quick and easy with soap and water. See More
-
Liquitex Professional Acrylic Spray PaintsSave Up to16%Off listVideos…Studio use, indoor work & schools * Use with acrylics & mediums * Artwork on virtually any surface Featuring a wide range of 100 colors, Liquitex Spray Paint both matches and is completely compatible with their Heavy Body and Soft Body acrylic paint lines, and while clean up is easy when the… Revolutionary new spray paint developed for professional artists! Few names in the world of art supplies are as recognizable as Liquitex — innovators of art materials, Liquitex developed some of the first artists' acrylic paints in the mid-20th century. Now they have turned their considerable expertise to creating this revolutionary new line of professional artist spray paints! Liquitex Professional Acrylic Spray Paint is a unique medium developed specifically for professional artists, combining artist-grade pigments with innovative water-based technology to produce a spray that is low odor, lightfast, highly durable, and perfect for use both indoors and out. New redesigned nozzle to prevent clogging. Key Features: * Innovative water-based technology * No lead, CFCs or aromatic hydrocarbons * 100 colors match & intermix with Liquitex acrylics * 400ml cans with interchangeable nozzles Perfect For: * Graffiti & outdoor mural art * Studio use, indoor work & schools * Use with acrylics & mediums * Artwork on virtually any surface Featuring a wide range of 100 colors, Liquitex Spray Paint both matches and is completely compatible with their Heavy Body and Soft Body acrylic paint lines, and while clean up is easy when the paint is wet, when dry it is permanent and adheres well to virtually any surface from canvas and wood to cement, metal and even glass. Additionally, as there is absolutely no lead, CFCs or aromatic hydrocarbons used, Liquitex Spray Paints are safe for studio use, indoor art, and educational environments. Bring the high quality and dependability of Liquitex to all your graffiti, mural and spray paint art with new Professional Spray Paint! Packaging design may vary. See More
-
Amsterdam Acrylic Inks & SetsSave Up to25% - 35%Off listVideos…acrylic inks are ideal for a wide range of techniques like calligraphy, watercolor & airbrush When it comes to finding a dependable and adaptable ink, Amsterdam Acrylic Inks are an excellent option. Made with a high concentration of high-quality, lightfast pigments, this ultra-fluid acrylic… Amsterdam acrylic inks are ideal for a wide range of techniques like calligraphy, watercolor & airbrush When it comes to finding a dependable and adaptable ink, Amsterdam Acrylic Inks are an excellent option. Made with a high concentration of high-quality, lightfast pigments, this ultra-fluid acrylic combines the best properties of ink with the benefits of acrylic paint. It doesn’t fade and it dries quickly with a permanent finish. The fast-drying formula allows for multiple layers of color, and once dry, the ink is waterproof, just like acrylic paint. The wide base of each bottle ensures stability during use, and the broad opening makes it easy to dip a brush or pen in the bottle for color. With Amsterdam Inks, expressing your thoughts and ideas on paper is a clear and enjoyable experience. Amsterdam Acrylic Ink can be used straight out of the bottle with airbrushes, technical pens, fountain pens, brushes or the included dropper. Key Features:* Ink with the benefits of acrylic paint* 56 brilliant colors, 7 metallic, 4 reflex & 6 pearlescent colors!* Ink sets of 6 and Sets of 30* Colors are highly pigmented* Brilliant colors* Water-based formula* Quality synthetic at a great price* Waterproof once dry* Lightfast* Odorless Perfect For:* Can be combined with AMSTERDAM acrylic paint, markers, spray paint and auxiliaries* Can be used on diverse grounds* Ideal for a wide range of techniques* Use them quickly and directly!* Wash your drawing using a brush or sponge, when the ink is still wet Click on the item number to view set specs and information See More
-
Creative Inspirations Acrylic Paint 1.8 Liter JugsSave8% - 31%Off Reg. PriceVideos…watered down like other cheap acrylic paints making them an amazing value for the price! With Creative Inspirations Acrylic Paints, educators and artists do not have to settle for water-downed acrylics that are made from inferior materials. Creative Inspirations Acrylics feature 42 brilliant colors… The Best Value For Acrylic Paints! Better Paints, Better Value! Creative Inspirations Acrylics are sold in large, 1.8 liter (60.87 oz) jugs, which will accept any standard pump dispenser, making them the ideal choice for educators, classrooms, social art parties and art businesses. Convenient handle makes it easy to hold and pour. These paints are NOT watered down like other cheap acrylic paints making them an amazing value for the price! With Creative Inspirations Acrylic Paints, educators and artists do not have to settle for water-downed acrylics that are made from inferior materials. Creative Inspirations Acrylics feature 42 brilliant colors with great coverage, are smooth, creamy and free-flowing. When mixing colors you will get vibrant results not "muddy" colors. Voted educators favorite acrylic color for classroom use, and they are internationally recognized as superior for classroom education and the art party industry Minimum Quantity Purchase: Purchase minimum of 4 of the same or assorted colors Key Features:* Sold in large, 1.8 liter jugs (1/2 gallon)* Smooth, creamy consistency* Available in 42 different colors* Colors are bright, vibrant and very pigmented* Clean up with soap and water* Not watered down* Handle: Easy to hold and pour* Great coverage & mixability* Medium to heavy body* Available also in: 120ml tubes & 500ml Bottles Perfect For:* Art party businesses* Classrooms and workshops* Social art parties* Artists on a budget* Higher quality paint at an amazing price point* Better painting experience* These acrylics provide artists with a complete freedom of creativity. Creative Inspirations Acrylics were recently voted educators favorite acrylic color for classroom use, and they are internationally recognized as superior for classroom education and the art party industry. These acrylics also clean up quick and easy with soap and water. Creative Mark 1.8L Pump for Creative Inspirations Acrylic Paints- Sold separately individually or in boxes of 20. *Special bulk pricing is available upon request for the 1.8 liter size of Creative Inspirations Acrylics. Contact us at 1-800-827-8478 See More
-
Turner Acryl Gouache Artist AcrylicsSave10% - 29%Off Reg. PriceVideos…region of the world and around the world. The MOST Vibrant Artist Acrylics You Can Buy in 20ml, 40ml, 100ml Tubes & 250ml Pouch Key Features: * An incredible array of 236 colors * The most highly pigmented acrylic * Solid, matte finish * Available In: in 20ml, 40ml, 100ml Tubes &… World's finest fast drying, brilliant matte acryl gouache Turner Acryl Gouache Paint is fully pigmented and totally free of heavy metals. Most colors are lightfast with the exception of their decorative and fluorescent ranges. Due to the small amounts of binder, there is little color shift after painting and the brilliance continues through the drying process making painting compositions more rewarding. Their historic Japanese colors allow compositions in subtle colors that are not available in this quality - anywhere - at any price. The rich ultra black and super opaque white are among the finest colors ever produced in the world. Because they dry matte and the paint film is not totally permanent, you can finish your pieces by spraying with Krylon Archival Matte or Gloss spray. For a luscious gloss finish, use Turner Gloss Varnish. Turner from Japan makes the highest quality and most cherished colors and is used by the most famous artists and illustrators from that region of the world and around the world. The MOST Vibrant Artist Acrylics You Can Buy in 20ml, 40ml, 100ml Tubes & 250ml Pouch Key Features: * An incredible array of 236 colors * The most highly pigmented acrylic * Solid, matte finish * Available In: in 20ml, 40ml, 100ml Tubes & 250ml pouch * Colors adhere to most surfaces (Boards, Panels, Paper, Wood) * World's finest fast drying, brilliant matte acrylics * Colors spread out smoothly * Rich ultra black and super opaque white * Good water-resistance * Pearlescent, Pastel and Japanesque colors * The most widely used Acryl Gouache throughout the world Perfect For: * Opaque, dry and matte finishes * Mixed media applications * Good matte finish * Good adhesion * Great for creating precise detail * Photographing and selling artwork * For a student or professional Turner Acryl Gouache Lightfastness With the exceptions of their decorative and fluorescent paint ranges, Turner Acryl Gouache is incredibly lightfast for traditional indoor art applications, whether used for fine art and illustration, furniture decoration, or even wall murals. For the Turner Acryl Gouache color chart: Click Here > An incredible array of 236 colors Pearl Colors - Provide a "shining" effect. Formulated to provide a splendid, refined, soft and warm luster. You can do whole paintings with contrasting tone or paint full strength for shimmering effects. Mixing Colors - Mixing White is translucent and results in clean, pure tones when mixed. Mixing Magenta and Mixing Violet have no fluorescent pigments. Japanesque Colors - All are formulated with fine powders giving each a unique coarse texture and a sophisticated and beautiful tone. They are unlike any other color presently available to you from other lines. Pastel Colors - For delicate and sensitive beauty, great for adding highlights and reflective qualities. Lamé Colors - Provide a glittering effect that will vary in hue depending on the angle at which it is viewed and the background on which it is painted. With these colors, we recommend painting with a knife, Colour Shaper or spatula. Luminous Colors - Non-lightfast colors that provide an intense fluorescent finish. When used under a black light the colors will illuminate. Metallic Colors - Extremely opaque, this range is perfect for highlighting and direct painting to achieve a metallic look. Grayish Colors - Extends the ability to create effects with unique grey tones. For more information on Turner Acryl Gouache The Munsell Color System See More
-
Old Holland New Masters Classic Acrylic Paints & SetsSave Up to25%Off listVideos…gloss* Oldest paint maker in the world!* Professional Acrylic Sets* All-Inclusive Deluxe Wood Box Set Perfect For:* Professional Acrylic Painters* Transitioning to acrylics from oils* Impasto painting to glazing* Feel of oil paints in an acrylic After testing more than 250 pigments and… Highest pigment load acrylics with a 100% pure acrylic medium Designed to have little color shift from wet to dry, Old Holland New Masters Acrylics hold the maximum possible pigment content as well as look and feel of classic oils straight from the tube. In 1998, Old Holland’s chemists began research in the area of acrylic paint colors, with the goal to create an exceptional professional acrylic paint line that was worthy of carrying the Old Holland name. The project was dubbed "New Masters" as a long-held dream of the late owner Professor Theo de Beer, since Old Holland Oils were used by the old Dutch masters. He foresaw that the modern medium of acrylics would be used by the new masters of art. Key Features:* Full range of 168 colors* Highest pigment load* High impasto capabilities* Dries to a satin gloss* Oldest paint maker in the world!* Professional Acrylic Sets* All-Inclusive Deluxe Wood Box Set Perfect For:* Professional Acrylic Painters* Transitioning to acrylics from oils* Impasto painting to glazing* Feel of oil paints in an acrylic After testing more than 250 pigments and different mediums for the paints, they were incorporated into a series, irrespective of cost. Instead of the resins most of the major acrylics manufacturers incorporated into their products, Old Holland chose a 100% pure acrylic medium from a European manufacturer as the paint vehicle. More expensive than traditional popular resins, it gives New Masters Acrylics the same characteristics and texture of Old Holland’s Classic Oils. Utilizing traditional pigments like Genuine Manganese Blue, etc. to more modern lightfast anthraquinonoids and more, Old Holland produced acrylics that they tested with professional artists in various countries. By the end of 2005, the range of 168 colors was introduced, and consisted of opaque and transparent lightfast colors that were free of additives and fillers. Drying to a satin gloss, they can be used for a wide range of techniques from thick impasto to ultra-thin glazing. With an extensive selection of metallics, pearlescent, iridescent, and interference colors that are extremely lightfast, the high doses of pigment in the patented binding system ensure each color displays the unique characteristics of the individual pigment. Try the simple starter New Masters Set of 6, or spring for the Deluxe Wood Box Set — the perfect transition for the professional oil painter to the medium of acrylic painting — and fall in love! New Masters Acrylic Set of 6 - Includes six 60ml tubes of Titanium White, Azo Yellow Light, Naphthol Vermillion, Quinacridone Fuschia, Ultramarine Blue, and Phthalo Blue. New Masters Acrylic Deluxe Wood Box Set - Deluxe Italian Mabef Wood Sketch Box contains thirty 60ml tubes of Old Holland New Masters Acrylic Colors, three brushes, and a wood palette. See tech notes for complete set contents. See More
-
Amsterdam Standard Series Acrylic PaintsSave Up to34% - 35%Off listVideos…effects. Amsterdam Standard acrylics are quick drying and non-toxic, so they are perfect for the student or studio! Amsterdam standard series acrylics are an excellent choice for the beginning or intermediate artist! Key Features:* Thick medium body acrylic paint* 100% acrylic resin* High level of… Medium viscosity paint with a broad range of vibrant acrylic colors The Amsterdam Standard Series offers you the broadest range of remarkably vibrant acrylic colors. An excellent medium body acrylic paint for the artist who seeks high quality and high value. Made in Holland all skillfully made based on a 100% acrylic emulsion and high-grade pigments. The Standard Series features great lightfastness and a choice of opacities, short drying time, and an acrylic resin paint that is virtually odorless when wet. Easy to work with and offers a smooth color when applied on its own or can be mixed with water or acrylic mediums, and clean up requires only water and soap. Their thick creamy consistency is perfect for Oil like effects. Amsterdam Standard acrylics are quick drying and non-toxic, so they are perfect for the student or studio! Amsterdam standard series acrylics are an excellent choice for the beginning or intermediate artist! Key Features:* Thick medium body acrylic paint* 100% acrylic resin* High level of lightfastness* Short drying time* Virtually odorless* Quick drying and non-toxic Perfect For:* Oil type effects* Impasto* Heavy application* Clean up with soap and water* Classroom or studio* Beginner and intermediate artists See More
-
Sennelier Extra-Fine Artist AcrylicsSave Up to43%Off listVideosSatin Finish and Buttery Texture Sennelier Extra-Fine Artist Acrylic Paints were created to mimic the consistency and rendering capability of extra fine oils. The luxuriously creamy texture of these artist-grade acrylics simulates oil paint by marking each sensuous brush and knife mark. Sennelier… Satin Finish and Buttery Texture Sennelier Extra-Fine Artist Acrylic Paints were created to mimic the consistency and rendering capability of extra fine oils. The luxuriously creamy texture of these artist-grade acrylics simulates oil paint by marking each sensuous brush and knife mark. Sennelier uses only the finest quality pigments with a non-yellowing acrylic polymer to provide optimal stability over time. An expansive palette of 120 colors, most made from a single pigment, incorporates all the colors that made Sennelier famous, including classical Ultramarines, Earths, Ochres, Cadmiums, Cobalts, and colors based on Quinacridone, Pyrrole, Naphthol, and Phthalocyanine. The line also features four interference and six iridescent colors. Sennelier Extra-Fine Acrylics are excellent for working with layers or in combination with other mediums such as pastels, charcoal, or ink in a mixed media composition. Their unique spreading properties make them easy to mix, allowing for an endless number of shades without changing luminosity. The paints have a low-odor and dry rapidly to create a permanent, non-cracking, non-yellowing, water-resistant film. Your imagination will ignite when you paint with Sennelier's remarkably vivid and responsive Extra-Fine Artist Acrylics. Key Features: * Archival non-yellowing * High Pigment Content - primarily single pigments * 120 Shades - including interference and iridescent colors * Satin finish and buttery feel * Vivid rich colors * Adhere well to non-oily surfaces * Dry rapidly * Better Value - 60ml and 200ml size Perfect For: * Impasto painting * Mural painters * Studio or travel painting * Students, amateurs, professionals * Paper, canvas, and wood * Fabric, cement, and plaster, * Quality and longevity See More
-
Liquitex Bio-Based Heavy Acrylics and SetsSave Up to30%Off listVideos…Heavy Acrylic, the world's first bio-based professional-grade art paint. Bio-Based Heavy Acrylics are not an exact match for Liquitex Heavy Body Acrylics. Some colors, like Ultramarine Blue, Burnt Umber, and Chromium Oxide Green, have a more matte finish. Bio-Based Heavy Acrylics are designed… Bio-Based. Experience What it Means to Paint Without Compromise Liquitex Bio-Based Heavy Acrylics allow you to reduce your carbon footprint as an artist without compromising quality. Traditional acrylic paints are made from 100% petrol-derived ingredients and other non-renewable substances. Liquitex Bio-Based heavy acrylic has halved this number by incorporating renewable, biological ingredients like corn, soy, sugarcane, and algae, which can be regrown to make an eco-conscious acrylic polymer. Bio-Based Heavy Acrylics offer thick impasto textures, high pigment loads, and the Liquitex performance you expect. Make a positive change for the earth and start painting with Bio-Based Heavy Acrylic, the world's first bio-based professional-grade art paint. Bio-Based Heavy Acrylics are not an exact match for Liquitex Heavy Body Acrylics. Some colors, like Ultramarine Blue, Burnt Umber, and Chromium Oxide Green, have a more matte finish. Bio-Based Heavy Acrylics are designed to work seamlessly with your existing acrylic paints and mediums. Key Features: * Range of 40 professional colors * 50% bio-based ingredients on average * Highly pigmented, rich, permanent color * Smooth, thick, buttery consistency * Archival and lightfast colors * Strong tinting strength * Excellent handling and blending characteristics * Thick impasto textures * 100% recycled pot and recyclable packaging Perfect For: * Artists of every skill level * Eco-conscious artists * Painting on canvas or board * Creating impasto * Mixing with regular acrylics * Artwork requiring a wide range of colors * Crisp brush strokes and knife marks Bio-Based Heavy Acrylics Explore Set of 4: Includes 75ml Jars of Medium Magenta, Brilliant Blue, Bright Aqua Green, and Titanium White. Bio-Based Heavy Acrylics Mixing Set of 4: Includes 75ml Jars of Yellow Medium Azo, Quinacridone Crimson, Phthalocyanine Blue Green Shade, and Titanium White See More
-
SoHo Urban Artist Heavy Body Acrylic PaintsSave5% - 60%Off Reg. PriceVideos…Heavy Body Acrylics are designed for professional artists seeking affordable, high-quality results. Each color is loaded with first-class pigments and has the body to maintain textured brush strokes. Once dry, the acrylics form a satin, permanent film resistant to water. Quality Acrylics at an… Thick and Rich Artist-Grade Colors Offer Huge Savings! SoHo Urban Artist Heavy Body Acrylics are designed for professional artists seeking affordable, high-quality results. Each color is loaded with first-class pigments and has the body to maintain textured brush strokes. Once dry, the acrylics form a satin, permanent film resistant to water. Quality Acrylics at an Affordable Price Point! SoHo Urban Artist Heavy Body Acrylics peak beautifully straight from the palette; no thickeners needed. Add just a little water, and they cover smoothly and evenly. Simply put, they are high-quality acrylics at an affordable price! Key Features: * Available in: 75ml, 250ml, 500ml, and Gallon * Thick, rich, and creamy color * Excellent coverage * Maintains peaks and brush strokes * High pigment load * Colors form a permanent, water-resistant film Perfect For: * Artist of all levels * Maintaining brush strokes * Abstract painting * Building up layers * Painting on traditional surfaces * Teachers and students * Great value for the money! Top Selling Acrylic Paint Only Available at Jerry's Artarama - Best Value for Artists "Superb Color Saturation! - This paint is thick and highly saturated....not watered down! You will not be disappointed with SoHo acrylic paints!"- David W See More
-
Amsterdam Acrylic Markers & SetsSave Up to13% - 26%Off listVideosWater-based, Safe to Use Quick Drying Acrylic Markers Amsterdam Acrylic Markers allow you to work quickly and directly with both transparent and opaque colors. They are water-based, dry quickly and can be used on many surfaces including paper, canvas, wood, cardboard, plastic, metal and even glass.… Water-based, Safe to Use Quick Drying Acrylic Markers Amsterdam Acrylic Markers allow you to work quickly and directly with both transparent and opaque colors. They are water-based, dry quickly and can be used on many surfaces including paper, canvas, wood, cardboard, plastic, metal and even glass. They are available in three different sizes and replacement nibs are available. Also available in sets, plus replacement nibs. Made with high-quality, lightfast pigments, these marker-style pens give you the ability to do all that and more. These odorless markers are quick drying, water resistant when dry and work on various surfaces. If you’re looking for a simple solution to create clear lines and add final touches to your acrylic painting, Amsterdam acrylic markers are perfect for you. Key Features:* High-quality lightfast pigments* Need to be shaken to mix paint* Available in 3 different nib sizes* 2 mm round nibs, 4 mm round nibs, or 15 mm square nibs* Water-based* Quick drying* Intermixable with other Amsterdam acrylic paints Perfect For:* Paper, canvas, wood, cardboard and more* Broad washes or drawing small details* Mixing with acrylic paints See More
-
Liquitex Heavy Body AcrylicsSave Up to30% - 74%Off listVideos…mark. As Liquitex's thickest acrylic, you'll be able to work with texture, build structure, and reach satiny oil-equivalent richness of finish. If you want crisp brush strokes and knife marks or to try impasto techniques, this is your go-to. The low-odor acrylic base gives great clarity and vibrancy… "My choice for over 50 years" - Cisle Studio (Belfast, Maine) Bolder, bigger, and more expressive, each Liquitex Heavy Body color is made with the finest quality artists' pigments, allowing you to really make your mark. As Liquitex's thickest acrylic, you'll be able to work with texture, build structure, and reach satiny oil-equivalent richness of finish. If you want crisp brush strokes and knife marks or to try impasto techniques, this is your go-to. The low-odor acrylic base gives great clarity and vibrancy with increased open time and minimal wet-to-dry shift. The entire range is flexible, durable, non-yellowing, UV-resistant, water-resistant when dry, and ready for you to discover. Please note: packaging style may vary. Key Features: * Range of 116 professional colors * Flexible when dry * Smooth, thick, buttery consistency * Outstanding clarity and brilliance of color * 7 NEW Cadmium-Free Colors * * Liquitex Heavy Body Acrylic Paint Color Chart Perfect For: * All painting techniques * Impasto * Texturizing with brush or palette knife * Alla Prima The NEW Cadmium-Free range carries an AP (Approved Product) Seal from the The Art and Creative Materials Institute, Inc. (ACMI). ACMI-certified product seals (AP Approved Product and CL Cautionary Labeling) indicate that these products have been evaluated by a qualified toxicologist and are labelled in accordance with federal and state laws. Cadmium-FREE Colors: The Colart Innovation & Development laboratory applied several tests to demonstrate that the Cadmium-Free range is technically on par with the equivalent cadmium colors, for example: * Lightfastness to assess longevity * Color mass tone for brightness and overall match * Color reduction 10:1 with Titanium White to compare color strength and shade when mixed * Viscosity and rheology for handling properties * Specific gravity to test weight * Opacity check over black and white test card to assess coverage See More
Powered by

Login and Registration Form
Customer Login
Already a customer ? Sign in now for the best experience!
* indicates a required field